植物挥发性有机物的气候与环境效应研究进展

Research Progress on the Climatic and Environmental Effects of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds(BVOCs)

植物挥发性有机物(Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds,BVOCs)是大气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的主要组分,具有重要的气候与环境效应。在梳理和总结既有研究成果的基础上,立足于BVOCs的大气化学过程,阐述了BVOCs不同组分的化学反应过程及其在大气臭氧(O3)和二次有机气溶胶(SOA)污染形成中的作用,指出了BVOCs在O_3和SOA污染形成中的重要性,以及BVOCs影响地球气候的2种主要途径:1通过形成SOA以气溶胶的形式影响地球大气辐射平衡;2参与地球碳循环,影响CH_4和CO等温室气体的寿命。进而,分别总结了BVOCs通过上述2个途径对地球气候影响的研究成果;阐述了BVOCs观测技术的现状与排放量估算模型的发展历程,分析了模型的优缺点与模型间的传承关系及其与气候系统模式耦合的现状。同时展望了BVOCs气候与环境效应亟需深入研究的问题,包括BVOCs氧化机制、产物的理化性质、耦合BVOCs排放及大气化学过程的地球系统模式研制等。

As an important component of Volatile Organic Compounds（ VOCs） in atmosphere,the Biogenetic Volatile Organic Compounds（ BVOCs） has crucial effects on climate and environment. This paper collected and reviewed existing studies. Firstly,on the basis of reviewing gas-phase of chemistry processes of BVOCs from the existing studies,we described mechanisms in which BVOCs lead to the O_3 pollution and Secondary Organic Aerosol（ SOA） pollution. The importance of BVOCs on the formations of O_3 and SOA pollutions were thereby highlighted.Secondly,through reviewing on the existing studies,we summarized two pathways in which BVOCs regulate the earth climate. One pathway is modifying radiation budgets of low level of atmosphere through transforming into SOA. The other pathway is taking part in the carbon cycle of earth to modify the lifetime of greenhouse gases,such as CH_4 and CO. The latest researches on the climatic effects of BVOCs exhibiting on the two pathways were also summarized. Thirdly,along with the temporal ways,the development history of emission model of BVOCs was reviewed and the present measurement technology of BVOCs was summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of models and successions of models were reviewed. The present status on the coupling climate model and BVOCs emission model was also depicted. Finally,on the basis of general picture of existing studies,we proposed two research directions which should be enhanced to improve our understanding on the climatic and environmental effects of BVOCs. One direction is studying the oxidation mechanism of BVOCs in the atmosphere and physical and chemical properties of the oxidation products. The other direction is developing new earth system model with coupling the emission and chemistry process of BVOCs.