江西大塘客家方言中的蔬菜词探析

The Research on the Vegetable Words of Hakka Dialect in Datang Jiangxi

江西大塘客家方言中的蔬菜词与普通话中的蔬菜词有很大的不同,与广东梅县客家方言的蔬菜词也是同中有异。分析了八种蔬菜、十一个语词:牛角辣椒、洋/羊辣椒、洋秋/茄,番薯,洋番薯,紫薯、薯子,南,节瓜,番莆,富菜。这些蔬菜词的命名理据共有四种:一、蔬菜的外形特征;二、蔬菜的来源地;三、外形与来源地的结合;四、避讳。其所体现的汉民族文化心理有三种:一、喜欢以区别性特征来命名;二、倾向于用双音节词;三、避讳求富。

The vegetable words in Datang Jiangxi Hakka dialect are very different from the vegetable words in Mandarin. And the vegetable words of Hakka dialect in Datang Jiangxi are also different from that in Meixian Guangdong. This paper analyzes eight kinds of vegetables and eleven words： Horn pepper、Yang / Sheep pepper、Yang Qiu / eggplant、Sweet potato、Yang sweet potato、Purple potato、Pumpkin、Chieh-qua、Fan pu、Fu cai. There are four naming justifications of these vegetable words.First, the shape features of vegetables; second, the origin of vegetables; third, the combination of form and source; the last, taboo. There are three kinds of Chinese culture and psychology： First, like to name after distinctive features; second, tend to use double syllable word; third, taboo and for the rich.