晚清商务英语课程史研究

A Study of the History of Business English Courses in Late Qing Dynasty

我国商务英语教学历史源远流长。本文考察了作为我国商务英语教学肇始的晚清商务英语的培养定位与课程设置。官办学堂的人才培养从译才逐渐转向近代复合型英语人才,商务英语课程表现为语言、专业知识与翻译实践并重,课程设置从内容型课程逐渐向技能型课程转变。教会学校从通事买办型人才的培养向近代化商业精英人才培养转变,课程设置从技能与内容型商英课程发展到近代化职业教育课程。民间学校侧重培养近代化进程实践层面的参与者,课程设置则表现为低度结构性的实用商务英语。晚清商务英语教学基本满足了社会对商务英语人才的需求。商务英语课程史的研究有利于商务英语学科史的构建。

Business English（ BE） teaching in China has a long history. This paper studies the BE course orientation and design in the late Qing Dynasty. The official schools aimed to cultivate official translators first and modern English talents with mixed abilities later,and laid equal emphasis on language competence,business knowledge and translation practice. The courses developed from content-based to skillbased BE. Missionary schools initially offered some skill-based and content-based courses to cultivate interpretors and compradors,and later gradually established modern vocational education system to cultivate modern business elites. Private schools focused on training practitioners for the modernization process through practical BE courses of low structure. The BE teaching in late Qing Dynasty met the social needs for BE talents. It is hoped that this study will benefit the construction of disciplinary history of Business English studies.