受难与国耻建构:“重庆大轰炸”集体记忆的媒介话语策略

The Construct of Suffering and National Humiliation:the Discourse Strategy of Collective Memory on the Bombing of Chongqing

本文以集体记忆为理论视角,通过对《重庆日报》等纪念性报道的话语分析,探析对"重庆大轰炸"集体记忆的媒介建构。研究发现:"受难者"作为主导性话语叙事,新闻采用遮蔽抵抗而凸显罪行、受害人口述见证等话语策略,与战争赔偿诉求的现实语境联系;新闻媒体通过对纪念日的常规化报道,将其建构为全民族勿忘的"国耻",并勾连国家公祭日,与爱国主义教育相呼应,叠加世界反法西斯战争意义,产生集体记忆建构的当下性透视效果。

From the theoretical perspective of collective memory, this article examines how the Chongqing Daily has presented discourses of anniversary journalism to commemorate the bombing of Chongqing during WWlI. The findings have shown： firstly, the ＂victims＂ were used as the dominant narrative discourse, the news text have used the discourse strategies of highlighting crimes by shadowing resist and the oral testimony of the victims, and then connected it with the realistic context of war compensations; secondly, through the routine reports on the anniversary, the media constructed it as a national humiliation that should be remembered by the whole country; The construct of National Mourning Day was echoed by the patriotic education, along with the significance of the World Anti-Fascist War, and thus to achieve the contemporary perspective effects of collective memory construct.