智能传感器热电及磁场能量收集方法

Thermoelectric and Magnetic Energy Harvesting Methods for Intelligent Sensors

针对部分输变电设备智能监测传感器存在的电源不易获取、现有供电方案可靠性差这一问题,提出了利用环境能量收集技术,采集并转换热电、磁场能量,从而实现智能传感器工作能量自给的方法。通过理论计算分别对上述两种能量收集方法进行了可行性分析,通过取能实验研究了其输出特性,并采用Zigbee无线传感器节点进行了带载实验。计算及实验结果表明:在该研究条件下,利用油浸式变压器箱体产生的热量,当其上附着的热电模块冷热端温差达55 K时,热电能量收集能获得475 m W的最大输出功率;利用安装于35 k V母线排表面的取能线圈,当母排电流达到480 A时,可驱动Zigbee节点连续工作,此时,磁场能量收集能获得163 m W的最大输出功率。通过结合上述两种在电网中可行性较高的能量收集方法为传感器提供电源,能满足大部分低功耗智能传感器节点的能耗需求,具有一定的应用前景。

We proposed methods for self-powering manner of intelligent sensors employed by online monitoring of power equipment. Ely harvesting ambient energy, i.e. thermoelectric and magnetic energy, a solution to the challenges from un- obtainable mad unreliable power supply of sensors in some cases is put forward. Feasibility and properties of the two approaches were investigated by both calculation and experiments, followed by a test with loads using Zigbee wireless sensors. The results indicate that, in the analysis condition of the paper, thermoelectric energy harvesting can output maximum electric power of 475 mW by utilizing dissipated heat from a large oil-immersed transformer, while tempera- ture difference between hot and cold side of the thermoelectric module reaches 55 K. And when the current on bus bar reaches 480 A, Zigbee node can be enabled to work continuously. The magnetic energy harvesting can output maximum electric power of 162 mW accordingly, with the coil stuck on the bus bar of 35 kV. The two energy harvesting approaches can satisfy tile energy demand of low-power Zigbee sensors and they have certain prospect of application.