变压器的阻抗变换特性在交流输电线路杆塔侧电场能采集中的应用

Electric Field Energy Harvesting Around AC Transmission Line Using Impedance Conversion of Transformer

为了给输电线路在线监测装置提供安全可靠的电源供给,提出了一种利用变压器阻抗变换特性和平板电容边缘效应在交流输电线路杆塔侧采集空间电场能的方法。理论分析了杆塔侧电场能采集的电路模型,根据平板电容边缘效应设计了栅状采集器,并实验验证了所述模型以及栅状采集器的采集效果。结果表明:电场发生器外施电压AC50 k V,采集器与电极之间寄生电容为43 p F时,在300?的负载电阻上测得功率为257 m W。实际的架空输电线路工作电压更高,通过进一步优化电容采集器结构,完全可以实现更高的功率输出并最终为安装于杆塔上的在线监测装置供电。

To provide safe and reliable power supply for the on-line monitoring system equipped around the transmission line, we proposed an electric field energy harvesting method to harvest electric field energy away from the power trans- mission line. The principle of the proposed electric field energy harvesting method was analyzed, and the palisade harvester was designed based on the fringe effect of plate capacitor. The principle and the effect of palisade harvester were verified by experiment, in which the stray capacitance was 43 pF between the harvester and the upper plate of the electric field generator, when the testing voltage was 50 kV, about 257 mW was obtained on a 300 Ω resistor. By optimizing the harvesting plate, enough energy can be harvested to power the transmission on-line monitoring system.