电子回旋共振加热系统中阳极高压电源研制及其控制技术

Anode High-voltage Power Supply and Control Technology for Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating System

电子回旋共振加热系统在磁约束核聚变实验研究中有着很重要的作用。回旋管阳极供电需具备幅值快速可调、高稳定度以及波形前沿可变等条件。使用场效应管与快恢复二极管为主要器件研制出开关模块;在电路结构上将59个SM模块与同电压等级的1个BUCK电路依次串联起来。通过分别使用脉冲步进调制与高频脉冲宽度调制控制技术,实现输出幅值连续可调;并且研究了2种调制的控制方法,让输出波形的前沿时间既可在3 ms之内缓慢步进上升,也可以在60μs内快速输出。所有模块由数字信号处理器(DSP)控制的高频逆变电路实现恒压供电。样机实验结果证明:研制的电路与控制方法可行,整个电源输出的电压最大达到36 k V,电流200 m A,且全量程范围内连续可调,稳定度<1%。最大调制频率可以达到1 k Hz,可以在20μs完成各种关断保护,完全满足回旋管装置要求。

Electron cyclotron resonance heating （ECRH） system plays a very important role in the experimental research of Tokomak. The characteristics of continuous and fast adjustment and high stability, and adjustable rise time are required in the voltage amplitude feeding to the anode power supply of gyrotron tube. Consequently, we developed the switch module（SM） by using the MOSFET and fast recovery diode as the main device. In the circuit construction, we put the 59 SM modules and a BUCK converter with the same voltage in series. The output amplitude could be adjusted continuously by using the pulse step modulation and high-frequency pulse-width modulation control technique. The two kinds of mod- ulation control method were developed to increase the output waveform slowly within 3 ms as well as increase the output quickly within 60 ms. After using the high frequency inverter circuit controlled by digital signal processor, all the modules could be powered by constant voltage. The experimental results show that the SM circuit and control method are feasible. The output voltage of the power supply can reach 36 kV and the current can be 200 mA, which are adjusted continuously in the full range. The stability is within 1%. The maximum modulation frequency can reach 1 kHz, and can be shutdown within 20 ms in all kinds of protect situations. Prototype meets the requirements of the gyrotron tube device completely.