三种华北冬绿肥对生菜生长和营养品质的影响

Effects of Three Winter Green Manure of North China on the Growth and Nutritional Quality of Lettuce

为研究华北冬绿肥（WGM）对生菜生长与营养品质的影响,采用盆栽试验,以不施氮肥（CK）和尿素（N）为对照,设计了二月兰、冬油菜、草木樨单施、倍施及与氮肥（N）配施处理。结果显示：冬绿肥倍施对生菜增产显著,是CK的3.95~4.52倍,是尿素的1.31~1.50倍;与尿素相比,冬绿肥有利于促进生菜根长指标的发育,以冬绿肥倍施最佳。尿素和冬绿肥均会增加生菜硝酸盐含量,冬绿肥与尿素相比,可不同程度抑制生菜硝酸盐累积,以冬绿肥单施效果最好;与CK和尿素处理相比,冬绿肥各处理均可促进生菜中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的积累。与CK相比,各处理中只有2WGMI处理可促进生菜维生素C的合成;绿肥倍施、绿肥单施和绿肥与尿素配施维生素C含量均高于尿素处理,差异显著。研究结果为华北冬绿肥在蔬菜上的应用提供了依据。

Under the condition of pot experiment these treatments were designed： winter green manure（ WGM）,the treatments of doubled winter green manure（ 2WGM） and the fertilizer combination of WGM and Urea（ N） by no N fertilizer and N as control（ CK） for studying winter green manure in north China on the effects of growth and quality of lettuce. The results showed that compared with CK and urea,2WGM could significantly increase the yield of lettuce,which increased about 3. 95- 4. 52 and 1. 31- 1. 50 times. Compared with urea,winter green manure was conducive to development of root length,2WGM were the best. Urea and winter green manure could increase the nitrate content of lettuce,winter green manure reducing nitrate accumulation in lettuce in varying degrees,WGM were the best; compared with the CK and N,winter green manure could promote the accumulation of soluble sugar and soluble protein content in lettuce. Compared with CK,the only 2WGMI treatment could promote the synthesis of lettuce vitamin C; Compared with urea treatment,2WGM,WGM and the fertilizer combination of WGM and urea significantly increased content of vitamin C,the difference was significant. This work provided the basic data for application of winter green manure in north China on vegetable crops.