网络公共领域的社会治理功能及其困境解析——基于民主、反腐、自治三个维度的考察

Functions of public governance, realistic predicament and measures of solution of public sphere of network: Based on democracy, anti-corruption and autonomy

随着互联网技术的日臻发展,网络公共领域以自身的便捷、快速获得公众的青睐,并被赋予民主协商、公民反腐以及社会自治三方面的功能期待。这些功能期待希冀仅仅通过一个还未成熟的虚拟载体很难予以实现:其民主协商诉求因缺乏公共理性的支撑而难以形成真正的利益聚合;公民反腐诉求因缺乏法治的规范化保障而难以开辟出制度性渠道;社会自治诉求因无法创制出独立理性的社会组织而难以保证内在秩序。网络公共领域的发展之道在于回归现实,重构人文传统,形塑法治文化,并推动网络媒体与传统媒体的联动,形成制衡国家公权的社会权力,为权利的作为开辟出空间与余地,其功能期待才能循序渐进地得以实现。

In recent years, with the development of interuet technology, it seems that the public sphere of network has a good prototype. It has been gaining the masses＇ favor by its convenience and celerity. However, people＇s functional expectations about the public sphere of network do not accord with the degree of its maturity. These expectations mainly focus on the three dimensions which are deliberative democracy, anti-corruption and social autonomy. Obviously, it＇s impossible to corroborate people＇s vision through an immature virtual system. For the lack of public rationality, their appeal of deliberative democracy is difficult to form a real aggregation of interest; for the lack of legal safeguard, their appeal of anti-corruption cannot set up institutional channel; for the lack of independent and rational social organization, social autonomy is impossible to guarantee the basic order. We ought to return to reality to reconstruct tradition of humanity, form the culture of rule of law, and promote the interactive relationship between the Internet media and traditional media. Only by this way, can the social power constraint governmental power to bring about activity space for the public, and can we fulfill functional expectations of public sphere of network gradually.