电铸圆锥体的阳极形状和辅助阴极的设计及优化

Design and optimization of the anode profile and auxiliary cathode for an electroformed cone

针对电铸复杂阴极的电铸层不均匀性问题,提出了一种阳极形状设计方法。并利用ANSYS有限元软件对电铸圆锥体阴极的阳极轮廓形状进行了优化设计,同时模拟分析了采用优化后的象形阳极时,辅助阴极参数对圆锥体阴极表面电场强度分布的影响。结果表明:采用该阳极形状设计及优化方法可以在一定程度上改善电铸层的均匀性,即阴极表面电场强度最大值与最小值的比值由4.97降低为4.33;采用优化的阳极和半径为20 mm的辅助阴极后,阴极表面电场强度的最大值与最小值的比值为由4.33急剧下降到1.65,电铸层的厚度均匀性得到明显改善,同时模拟结果与实际电铸试验结果相吻合。

To improve the layer uniformity of a complex electroformed cathode, a new anode profile design method was proposed. The precise shape of anode, corresponding to the cathode of an electroforming cone, was optimized using ANSYS finite element software. The effects of auxiliary cathode parameters, with optimized shaped anode, on the electric field of a cathode surface was simulated simultaneously. The simulation results indicate that the design and optimization method can improve uniformity of the electroforming layer to a certain degree, namely, the ratio of the maximum electric field to minimum electric field on the cathode surface was reduced from 4.97 to 4.33. When the optimized anode and auxiliary cathode, with a radius of 20ram, were applied, the ratio of the maximum electric field to minimum electric field on the cathode surface decreased sharply from 4.33 to 1.65. The uniformity of the layer thickness distribution was obviously improved. The results of electroforming experiment agree well with the simulation data.