典型碳纤维环氧复合材料火灾特性研究

Study on fire characteristics of typical epoxy resin / carbon fiber composites

为研究碳纤维环氧复合材料的火灾特性,用锥形量热仪等仪器,对单向碳纤维预浸料、双向碳纤维布和碳纤维夹层板等3种典型材料进行试验,测定其燃烧速度、极限氧浓度、热释放速率(HRR)、失重率等性能参数,分析其热稳定性和燃烧特性。结果表明,点燃位置对材料的火焰传播速度影响较大,底部点燃时燃烧速度较快;泡沫芯材受热易形成炭层,炭层能降低火焰传播速度、增大极限氧浓度;泡沫芯材在较低温度下就会受热分解,其点燃时间、达到HRR峰值时间、热解和放热时间均提前;当采用相同环氧体系时,织造方式对碳纤维复合材料燃烧性能和热稳定性能影响不大。

To study fire characteristics of epoxy resin / carbon fiber composites,experiments were carried out on three typical epoxy resin / carbon fiber composites including uni-directional carbon fiber prepreg,carbon fiber bidirectional sheet and carbon fiber sandwich plate,a series of performance parameters were determined,such as flame spread rates,limiting oxygen concentration,HRR,and weightless rates. The results indicate that the ignition positions have a great influence on flame-propagating velocity,when the material is ignited on bottom,the velocity is faster,that foam core material is easy to form carbon layer in the process of heating,and the formation of the carbon layer has an important influence on fire characteristics,which will reduce flame spread rates,increase limit oxygen volume fraction,that foam core material decomposes at lower temperatures,time to be ignited,time to reach HHR peak,time to be pyrolyzed,and time,start heart release are all earlier,and the weaving method has a little influence on combustion performance and thermal stability of carbon fiber composite materials with the same epoxy system.