三种鯻科鱼类同工酶组织特异性及群体遗传结构分析

The Tissue-Specificities of Isozymes and the Genetic Structure in Three Species of Theraponidae

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板不连续电泳法对3种鯻科鱼类6种组织(脑、眼、心、肾、肝和肌肉)的9种同工酶(ADH,EST,GDH,LDH,MDH,ME,POD,SDH,SOD)进行分析,结果显示具有明显组织特异性.此外,对每种鱼40个个体的肝脏的8种同工酶进行群体遗传结构分析,共记录15个基因位点,其中呈多态性的位点有2个(m-Pod-1,s-Sod-1),多态座位比例(P)为0.133,位点平均有效等位基因数(Ae)分别为1.004,0.997和1.015,平均每个位点预期杂合度(He)值分别为0.068,0.066和0.045,平均每个位点实际杂合度(Ho)值分别为0.098,0.083和0.08.与其他鱼类研究结果相比较,表明3种鯻科鱼类的遗传多样性居于中等水平.

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the tissue-specificities of isozymes and the genetic structure of Theraponidae. 9 isozymes（ ADH,EST,GDH,LDH,MDH,ME,POD,SDH and SOD）in 6 kinds of tissues（ brain,eye,heart,kidney,liver and muscle） of three Theraponidae species were screened and the results showed that the screened isozymes displayed remarkable tissue-specificities. Besides,8 enzymes from liver tissues in 40 individuals were selected for the genetic analysis. The 8 isozymes systems were encoded by15 loci,and 2（ m-Pod-1 and s-Sod-1） of them were polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 0. 133.The average effective numbers of alleles（ Ae） were 1. 004（ at T. jarbua）,0. 997（ at T. theraps） and1. 015（ at P.quadrilineatus）,respectively. The mean expected heterozygosities per locus（ He） were 0. 068,0. 066 and 0. 045.The mean actual heterozygosities per locus（ Ho） were 0. 098,0. 083 and 0. 08,respectively. This result indicated that there was a middle level of genetic variation in Theraponidae.