3种解毒剂对玉米烟嘧磺隆药害的解毒效应初探

Detoxification Effects of Three Antidotes on the Phytotoxicity of Nicosulfuron to Maize

以郑单958玉米为供试作物,研究了3种解毒剂(解草酯、解草唑、吡唑解草酯)不同处理方式对玉米烟嘧磺隆药害的解毒效果。结果表明,在玉米5叶期喷施烟嘧磺隆有效成分90 g/hm^2可致玉米有效叶片数减少23.25%、茎粗减小33.62%、株高降低25.61%、地上鲜质量减少45.73%,导致玉米减产20.37%。解草酯有效成分3 g/kg拌种处理在玉米有效叶片数、植株茎粗、株高、地上鲜质量上的综合缓解效果相对较好,缓解率分别为28.55%、46.30%、33.98%、75.18%,其产量缓解率达13.80%。综合分析,解草酯拌种可以用于缓解烟嘧磺隆对玉米生长发育的抑制。

Taking Zhengdan 958 maize as trial crop,this paper studied the detoxification effects of three kinds of antidotes（ cloquintocet-mexyl,fenchlorazole,mefenpyr-diethyl） on the nicosulfuron＇s phytotoxicity to maize by different treatments. It was shown that the corn＇s leaf number,stem diameter,plant height and aboveground fresh weight respectively decreased by 23. 25%,33. 62%,25. 61% and 45. 73%,and the output decreased by 20. 37% after spraying nicosulfuron（ 90 g/ha active ingredients） at the stage of five leaves. Mixing cloquintocet-mexyl（ 3 g/kg） with seeds had relatively better comprehensive detoxification effects in the corn＇s leaf number,stem diameter,plant height and aboveground fresh weight,the relief rates were separately 28. 55%,46. 30%,33. 98%,75. 18%,and the output relief rate was 13. 80%. In conclusion,mixing cloquintocet-mexyl with seeds could be used to relieve nicosulfuron ＇s inhibition on growth and development of maize.