FDI对能源效率的影响存在门槛效应吗?——基于中国35个工业行业的实证研究

Is There Threshold Effects of FDI on Energy Efficiency?——Empirical research from 35 Chinese industrial sectors

基于2000—2012年中国35个工业行业的面板数据,分别以行业能源消耗强度和DEA—Malmqusit测得的综合能源生产率表示能源效率,利用门槛面板估计方法,本文实证检验了外商直接投资(FDI)对中国能源效率的门槛效应。研究表明,FDI对中国能源效率存在比较显著的门槛效应:当行业研发投入和环境规制较高时,FDI将显著提升行业能源效率;反之则反是。对研究期内的行业研发投入、环境规制水平变化以及高研发、高规制行业分布的分析表明,FDI对多数行业能源效率的促进作用并不显著,但此种积极影响正在逐步增强;增加FDI进入水平将有利于高能耗行业的能源效率提升。

Based on 35 industrial sectors＇ panel data from China during 2000--2012, using energy con- sumption intensity and comprehensive energy productivity measured by DEA -Malmqusit index, through threshold panel regression estimation, this paper examines the threshold effects of foreign direct invest- ment（FDI） on energy efficiency. Results show that, there are significant threshold effects of FDI on en- ergy efficiency： when the sector＇ s R＆D investment and environmental regulation level are high, FDI will significantly enhance the energy efficiency in that sector; and vice versa. From the analysis on the trends of R＆D investment and environmental regulation level during research period and the distribution of high R＆D investment, high environmental regulation level, we find that, in most of sectors, FDI don＇ t bring positive effects on sectors＇ energy efficiency, but these positive effects are gradually enhanced; the in- creasing FDI entry will be beneficial for high energy consumption sectors＇ energy efficiency.