汉译西书与近代中日新词语的互动──以《六合丛谈》(1857-58)为例

The Interaction between Western Books in Chinese Translation and Chinese- Japanese New Words——The Case of Shanghai Serial(1857-58)

本文以西学杂志《六合丛谈》为语料,考察了近代新词语的创出及中日间的语言互动。汉语在近代早期创建的大批新词语,以汉字为媒介东传日本,弥补了明治维新前后因日本社会急剧变化发生的词语不足。当近代中国开始发生转型,急需大量表述新知识、新概念的词语时,《六合丛谈》等汉译西书中的新词语又受日语影响得以广泛使用。互动使新词语在中日间传播、使用、定型,对两国语言的发展具有重要意义。

Based on the magazine Shanghai Serial as the corpus, this article examines the modern new words and language interaction between China and Japan. A large number of new words created in early modern times was introduced eastward from China to Japan with the Chinese characters as medium, which made up for the lack of words caused by the dramatic changes before and after the Meiji Restoration in Japanese society. When social transformation took place in modern China,words and phrases that could express new knowledge and new concepts were also urgently needed. Many new words, some with origins in Japanese, appear in magazines like Shanghai Serial. Such interactions have led to new words becoming widely accepted and fixed in both Chinese and Japanese languages and played an important role in the development of the two languages.