从“翻译语”研究到翻译论的建构——柳父章的翻译研究方法论及其启示

The Construction of "The Translated Expression" from the Aspect of Research to Translative Theory——Akira Yanabu's Methodology on Translation Study and Its Revelations

"翻译语"与汉语语境中拿一个现成的汉语词来解释和翻译外语的"译词"不同,它是用创制的新词来解释性地翻译外语相应的词,并最终使其融入译入语系统中。柳父章是现代"翻译语"研究的第一人,他从历史文化语义学的角度,从个别词语切入,通过考查"翻译语"的演变来梳理日本翻译思想的形成过程,并认为"翻译语"具有"宝匣效应",是健康语言的征候,而此前翻译界则普遍认为随意使用"翻译语"的现象是语言上的一种病态。柳父章还注意到"翻译语"在很大程度上影响和决定了"翻译文体"的语体和风格,而翻译文体的这些特性又直接推进了日语文体、风格的现代化。这些观点在翻译史及翻译理论史上都具有重要意义,并在方法论上启发和影响了我国的一批学者。

＂The Translated Expression＂ differs from a given Chinese word used to explain or translate a word from a foreign language. It is a newly coined word or expression to translate the counterpart foreign word explicatively, and finally it melts into the target language. Akira Yanabu is the first modern scholar who has conducted research on translated expressions. He explored the historical development of translative theory in Japan from the aspect of historical-cultural semantics with specified words as examples after a careful study of the trends of the translated expressions. He claims that the translated expressions demonstrate the treasure- box effect, and they are healthy symptoms of a certain language. His ideas are opposed to the traditional view generally accepted in the translation field that the application of translated expressions at random is harmful to the target language. He also notices that the translated expressions determine the language and style of the translated text. He holds the point that the characteristics of the translated text have pushed the modernization of the style and genre of Japanese language forward. His ideas have played a significant role in the history of translation and translative theory in Japan and exerted great influence as well as revelations upon some Chinese scholars.