公路建设对湿地水系连通性的影响及保护措施

Effect of highway construction on hydrologic connectivity and some protective measures

以湿地水文循环为基础,提出了湿地水系连通性的概念,在此基础上,选取延边地区2条公路5个路段为研究对象,从结构连通性和功能连通性两个方面,分析公路构筑物、路基填筑方式等因素对水系连通性的影响,提出水系连通性的相关保护技术.结果表明,涵洞是否正常运行会对公路两侧水流、物质迁移及植被状况产生较大的影响,在所选取的路基填筑方式中,风化软岩+复合土工布路段对水系连通性影响最大,土工格栅路段次之,砂桩+复合土工布路段影响最小.

The concept of hydrologic connectivity in wetland is proposed based on wetland hydrologic cycles.Five sections of 2highways in Yanbian were selected for this study.The influence of different factors including road buildings,road-bed embankment material on both structural connectivity and functional connectivity were analyzed.Some protective techniques of hydrologic connectivity in wetland were proposed.Culvert operation was found to have marked effect on water flow,material migration and vegetation on both sides of the road.Of road-bed embankment material,weathered soft rock plus waterproof laminated film were found to have the largest impact on connectedness;this was followed in descending order by geogrid section and sand pile plus waterproof laminated film,the latter had rather minimal effect.