基于模式转换及双峰谐振效应的薄包层镀膜长周期光纤光栅特性研究

The Study of Characteristics of Cladding-Reduced Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating Based on Mode Transition and Dual Peak Resonance

基于耦合模理论,首先研究了镀膜长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)高阶包层模的模式转换,划分了高阶包层模的非模式转换区及模式转换区。分析了高阶包层模有效折射率随薄膜厚度增加的响应特性,包层模谐振波长在模式转换区的偏移量要大于非模式转换区。在此基础上,研究了不同包层半径下高阶包层模谐振波长随光栅周期的变化情况,结果表明,相同包层半径下模式转换区内双峰间距的偏移量大于非模式转换区;无论在模式转换区还是非模式转换区,包层半径的减小将增加双峰间距的偏移量。最后分析了不同包层半径下的高阶包层模双峰透射谱在模式转换区及非模式转换区内的折射率响应,进而提出了薄包层镀膜LPFG的优化设计方案,当选定敏感膜层厚度及折射率处于镀膜LPFG的模式转换区内,光栅周期靠近相位匹配转折点时,将得到灵敏度高于传统LPFG双峰传感器的镀膜LPFG折射率型双峰传感器;而减小包层半径,将进一步提高传感器的分辨本领。

Based on coupled-mode theory, the mode transition of the high-order cladding modes in a coated long-period fiber grating （LPFG） has been studied firstly; the mode transition region and non-mode transition region of high-order cladding modes are divided. The response characteristic of cladding mode effective index with increasing the overlay thickness is analyzed; the shift of resonant wavelength in the mode transition region will be larger than that in the non-mode transition region. Further, the changes of the resonant wavelength of some high-order cladding modes with grating period are investigated when the cladding radius are different, the shift between two resonant wavelengths of dual peak in the mode transition region is bigger than that in non-mode transition region when the cladding radius are uniform. And the shift between two resonant wavelengths of dual peak will be increased by the decrease of the cladding radius in both mode transition and non-mode transition regions. Finally, the response characteristics of film refractive index of coated LPFG are investigated for a high-order cladding mode while the cladding radius are different and the overlay thickness is located in mode transition region and non-transition mode region, then the opti mized design scheme is come up with. The higher sensitivity dual-peak sensor of coated LPFG than the traditional dual peak sensor will be obtained when the overlay thickness and refractive index is located in the mode transition region and the grating period close to the phase matching turning points. Further, the resolution power of coated LPFG sensor will further he improved by the appropriate reducing of the cladding radius.