马克思人类解放理论的两种视域

Two Kinds of Horizon of Marx's Liberation Theory

马克思人的解放理论是在两种语境下展开的,第一阶段市民社会视域下的政治解放与人的解放,即人类解放理论的提出和形成时期,是马克思早期在批判颠倒的、歪曲的世界观时形成的,得出对市民社会的理解应该到政治经济学中去寻找答案;第二阶段共同体视域下人的解放理论,即人类解放理论的成熟和完成阶段,在新唯物主义观确立以后,马克思始终把人作为整体中的一员,对人的解放进行了政治经济学的批判性分析,从而说明了人类实现解放是如何完成的。从中看出第一部分,也可以被称之为青年马克思与第二部分即成熟时期的马克思不是断裂的两个部分,两种视域充分说明马克思研究视角的转变过程,因而具有内在的关联性,思想的一致性,从而完整的构成了马克思人的解放理论的全部内容。

Marx＇ s theory of human emancipation is expanded in two kinds of context.Firat stage： Political emancipation and human emancipation in Civil Society Perspective.Namely that the the formation period of theory of human emancipation, which is formed at early phase in criticizing the reversed and distorted the world outlook.Secend stage： Human Emancipation in Community Horizon, namely that maturity and completion stage theory of human liberation.After the establishment of the new concept of materialism, by critical analysis of political economy, Marx always define the people as a member of the whole, which explains how humans achieve complete liberation. We can see from this, the first part, also could be called young Marx, and the second part, also could be called mature Marx, is not two different parts.Both sights fully explain the process of transformation of Marxist perspectiv , which has internal relevant and consistency thought.Thus, the two parts constitute the entire contents of Marx ＇ s theory of liberation completely.