三峡水库回水末端浮游藻类分布特征及其与DOM荧光特性的相关性研究

Planktonic Algae's Distribution and Correlation with Dissolved Organic Matters' Fluorescence in the End of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Back Water Zone

为了研究三峡水库库尾水域中浮游藻类的群落结构、组成、分布及其在水库水位定期涨落影响及变化规律,尤其是浮游藻类对库区水质状况的影响机理,选择了三峡水库回水区末端,即重庆朝天门至下游太洪岗约50km水域的6个代表性的断面,在库区水位由最高蓄水水位稍落的开始阶段,即水华的敏感期2012年3月、4月、5月,采集各个断面水体中的水样,获得了三峡水库末端回水区域浮游藻类的种类、组成及其分布特征的初步信息,并将其与同时段水体的水质参数和溶解有机质（DOM）的三维荧光光谱（EEM）特性的进行了相关性拟合研究。研究结果表明,三峡水库水华敏感期,其回水末端优势藻有属蓝藻门的蓝纤维藻、属绿藻门的小球藻、属硅藻门的直链藻和舟形藻,藻密度分别在0.40～0.56×10^6,1.9～0.8×10^6,0.36～0.25×10^6,0.42～0.15×10^6 cells·L^-1;此外在少数断面鱼腥藻、席藻、刚毛藻、羽纹藻和卵形藻,优势藻密度的变化规律与DOM中类蛋白质荧光峰强度、呈显著相关。为便捷检测水华提供有益参考。

For researching the community structure,composition,and distribution of the planktonic algae in the Three Gorges Reservoir（TRG）,especially,within TRG water levels＇ fluctuating,mpacting to water quality with the algae＇s growing,6sampling cites in the end of the TGR＇s back water zone,from Chaotianmen to Taihonggang Town,are chosen to monitor,at the sensitive stages time of algal bloom between March to May 2012,namely,water levels lowing from the highest impounding.the community＇s structure,composition,and distribution of the planktonic algae in the TGR,and the correlation of water quality parameters and DOM＇s fluorescence features with algae density,are obtained.According to the experimental results,blue algae fibre,chlorella,melosira,navicula are the dominated algae in the end of the TGR＇s back water zone,from Chaotianmen to Taihonggang Town,algae density are 0.40～0.56×10^6,1.9～0.8×10^6,0.36～0.25×10^6,0.42～0.15×10^6 cells·L^-1 respectively.Besides,anabaena,phormidium,cladophora,feather,ovate algae are existing in only limited 2sections.The fitting results reveal obvious linear correlation of the EEM characteristics of DOM with the 4kinds of dominated algal density,which could be useful conference for the algae bloom monitor,conveniently and effectively.