论《国语》的史学特色

On historical features of Guo Yu

先秦时期是我国史学的兴起时期,先后出现了《春秋》、《左传》、《国语》、《竹书纪年》、《世本》、《战国策》等历史著述,为后世了解春秋战国时期的政治、文化提供了较为丰富的史料。就《国语》而言,作为我国历史上第一部"分国记言"的史书,主要运用特定的对话形式展现了这一时期诸侯国之间的政治和社会历史状况,它的体裁和风格、内容以及史学意识也都对后世史学产生了重要影响,是先秦史学的重要代表。

Pre-Qin period witnessed the booming of China’ s historical studies, in which such historical books as The Spring and Autumn Annals, Guo Yu, Bamboo Annals, Shi Ben and Intrigues of the Warring States were suc-cessively compiled.These books provided the future generations with valuable historical records about the politics and culture in Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods.Guo Yu, the first history book in China’ s his-tory in which each state was given its respective description, depicted the politics, society and history in the member states in a special colloquial style.Its genres, style, content and the infused historical awareness have exerted great influnce on the historical studies in the future generations, which makes it a representative work in historical studies in pre-Qin periods.