有机磷酸酯在水环境中的残留及生态风险评价

Occurrence of organophosphate ester in aquatic environment and ecological risk assessment

近年来,有机磷酸酯类(organophosphate esters,OPEs)阻燃剂的大量使用所带来的环境残留以及生态影响引起了世界范围内的广泛关注。笔者重点综述了世界上几个典型区域的各种水环境中的有机磷酸酯类物质的残留现状,并以德国鲁尔河为例对常用的生态风险评价方法——商值法(RQs)进行介绍,提出未来应加强对污泥和沉积物中OPEs的研究,多角度开展人体健康风险评价工作。

The occurrence in the environment and ecological impact of organophosphate ester flame retardants that were widely used has attracted extensive attention worldwide in recent years. The status of environmental residual of organic phosphate ester（OPEs） flame retardants in the aquatic environment in several typical regions in the world was summarized in detail, and one of the most frequently ecological risk assessment methods, RQs, has been introduced in this paper by taking Ruhr River as an example. The ecological impact of residue of OPEs in Ruhr River was particularly assessed with the method of RQs in this paper. The conclusion could be made that there was no significant ecological risk. Due to the ecological impact caused by OPEs on the global scale, this paper put forward that further study of OPEs in the sludge and sediment and the risk assessment of human health should be appropriately promoted.