多指标评价果胶酶对油菜蜂花粉的破壁作用

Effects of breaking cell wall on rape bee pollen treated with pectinase using multi-index evaluation

为改善蜂花粉的破壁效果,采用果胶酶对油菜蜂花粉进行破壁处理。以pH值和温度为考察因素,蛋白分散指数、可溶性糖含量、显微镜分析、粒度分析等为评价指标,对破壁工艺进行优化。结果表明:果胶酶对油菜蜂花粉有一定的破壁作用,最佳破壁条件是pH值3.5,温度50℃。该条件下,蛋白分散指数为0.684 6;可溶性糖含量为24.86%;部分花粉粒萌发孔打开,花粉粒周围有小颗粒性物质出现;花粉孔洞面积增加,增加率为39.20%;花粉颗粒由孔洞率小的范围趋向孔洞率大的范围分布;花粉颗粒的粒径和花粉碎片的粒径都有减小的趋势,其中1μm以下粒径范围内的花粉碎片变化最为明显,增加了339.92%。

To improve wall-broken effects of bee pollen, rape bee pollen was selected as material and treated with pectinase in different pH and temperature. The effects of pectlnase on rape bee pollen were e valuated by protein dispersion index, soluble sugar content, micro scopic analysis and particle size distribution. The results demonstrated that pectinase hydrolysis could disintegrate the intine at the ger minal apertures, the optimal conditions were pH 23. 5 and tempera ture 50℃. Under optimal conditions, protein dispersion index was 0. 684 6, and soluble sugar content was 24.86%. By microscopic a nalysis, some germinal apertures seemed apart and some little pard cles emerged. According to particle size distribution, the holes area of pollen increased 39.20%, and distribution of pollen grains shifted towards higher holes ratio. At the same time, the particle size distri bution shifted towards smaller size of particles and the number of particles in small sizes was increasing, in particular, fragments below 1 p.m increased by 339.92%.