饵料中添加海洋红酵母(Rhodotorula sp.)C11对幼参消化酶及免疫反应的影响

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Marine Yeast Rhodotorula sp.C11 on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Immune Response in Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

将海洋红酵母（Rhodotorula sp.）C11以10~4、10~5和10~6CFU/g饵料添加到基础饵料中,每一剂量组设3个平行,每一平行50头幼参,用100 L望料桶进行30 d静水充气养殖试验。试验期间每日投饵1次,投喂量为幼参体重的5%。投喂试验结束后,评估其对幼参消化酶及免疫反应的影响。结果显示,与对照组比较,投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~4、10~5CFU/g,显著提高了幼参肠道胰蛋白酶活力（P〈0.05）;投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~4CFU/g,显著增加淀粉酶活力（P〈0.05）。投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~5CFU/g,幼参体腔细胞的吞噬活力显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。与投喂基础饵料的幼参比较,投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~5、10~6CFU/g,幼参具有较高的体腔液溶菌酶（LSZ）活力（P〈0.05）。投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~4CFU/g,幼参具有较高的体腔细胞裂解液（CLS）LSZ活力（P〈0.05）。投喂海洋红酵母C1110~4 CFU/g,幼参体腔液总-氧化氮合酶（T-NOS）活力显著增加（P〈0.05）,投喂海洋红酵母C11 10~4、10~5、10~6CFU/g,幼参CLS的T-NOS活力显著提高（P〈0.05）。本研究表明,饵料补充海洋红酵母C11可促进幼参的消化酶活力和免疫反应。

Here we conducted a feeding experiment to investigate the effects of Rhodotorula sp.Cll on the digestive enzyme activity and the immune response of juvenile Apostichopus japonicus,and to explore its potential use as probiotics in the aquaculture of sea cucumbers.Rhodotorula sp.Cll was added to the diets at the concentrations of 0（control）,10~4,10~5 and 10~6 CFU/g feed.The juvenile sea cucumbers were randomly allocated in 12 plastic tanks（100 L） with 50 individuals per tank.During the30 day trial,all experimental sea cucumbers were fed one dose of diet per that weighed 5%of their body mass.At the end of the trial we measured the activities of the intestinal digestive enzyme and immunological parameters of the sea cucumbers.Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA） and Duncan’s multiple comparison of the means with SPSS 19.0 software.A statistical difference was considered significant when P〈0.05.It was shown that comparing to the control Rhodotorula sp.Cll at the concentration of 10~4 and 10~5 CFU/g feed significantly enhanced the activity of the intestinal trypsin,and at 10~4 CFU/g feed,Rhodotorula sp.Cll boosted the activity of amylase（P〈0.05）.Rhodotorula sp.Cll at the concentration of 10~5 CFU/g feed also increased the phagocytic activity in coelomocytes of sea cucumbers（P〈0.05）.Moreover,dietary Rhodotorula sp.Cll at the concentrations of 10~5 and 10~6 CFU/g feed significantly elevated the activities of lysozyme（LSZ） in the coelomic fluid,while that at 10~4 CFU/g feed increased LSZ activities in the coelomocyte lysate supernatant（CLS） respectively（P〈0.05）.Comparing to the control,the activity of total nitric oxide synthase（T-NOS） in the coelomic fluid was enhanced by Rhodotorula sp.Cll at 10~4 CFU/g feed,and the activity of this enzyme in CLS was elevated at 10~4,10~5 and 10~6 CFU/g feed（P〈0.05）.Our results indicated that live yeast Rhodotorula sp.C11 could improve the activity of the intestinal digestive enzyme and activate the innate immune response of A.japonicus,therefore,it could potentially be used as an effective probiotic in sea cucumber farming.