不同目标结构对大学生网球运动员习得性无助感的影响

Effects of Different Target Structure on Learned Helplessness of College Tennis Players

为了构建合理的网球运动员技术学习和训练体系,对不同目标结构下网球运动员的习得性无助感进行研究。此次试验从网球的发球、抽球和削球三项基本技术作为切入点,探讨不同目标结构对网球运动员习得性无助感和运动成绩的影响和内在关系。结果表明:教学初期阶段,合作目标结构的教学模式对于学生运动成绩的快速取得和减缓学生习得性无助感的出现作用明显;而竞争目标结构的教学模式则与之相反;教学后期阶段,竞争目标结构的教学模式减缓学生的习得性无助感,提高学生的运动成绩;女生表现出来的习得性无助感要明显多于男生。

An investigation of learned helplessness on college tennis players under different target structure was carried out to build an appropriate skill learning and training system. Three basic skills, tennis serve, tennis smash and tennis cut, were selected as starting point to reveal the influ- ence of different targets structure on tennis players＇ learned helplessness and sports performance. The results are as follows： In the early teaching period, teaching mode with cooperative goal struc- ture is remarkably good for the improvement of players＇ performance and reduction of players＇ learn- ed helplessness; in the latter teaching period, teaching mode with competitive goal structure has some effect on the improvement of players＇ performance and reduction of players＇ learned helpless- ness; the learned helplessness has a more marked impact on the female than the male.