农村气象灾害防御体系分割式困境与对策——基于整体性治理的理论视角

Split-type Dilemma and Strategy of Rural Meteorological Disaster System Based on Theoretical Perspective of Overall Management

按照职能划分进行条块管理是我国政府构建的主要原则之一,最终形成了以碎片化为显著特点的分割式管理模式。受此影响,当前的农村气象灾害防御体系也具有显著的分割式特征。解读政策文本,气象灾害防御形成了条状的主体架构,部门防御行为"忙碌化"。在实践案例中,信息孤岛现象导致灾害防御能力不高;机构空心化,缺乏气象灾害防御的长效机制;精细化失灵,气象减灾防灾满意度较低。目前,气象灾害防御体系主要存在网络化、信息化和社会化三种理论视角。气象灾害的系统性风险与整体性治理理论工具存在高度的契合性,基于整体性治理理论,可以构建科学的农村气象灾害整体性防御体系。在农村气象灾害整体性防御体系的具体建设过程中,还需要树立战略推进的思维。

Performing compartmentalization management in accordance with the division of functions is one of the main principles of Chinese government building,and it ultimately formed a split-type management mode characterized by debris features. Affected by this,the current meteorological disaster prevention systems in rural areas also have significant split-type characteristics. According to the interpretation of the policy text,meteorological disaster prevention formed the strip-like main structure,the department of defense act busily. In practice cases,information-isolated phenomenon leads to low disaster prevention capability; leads to hollow bodies,lack of long-term mechanism of meteorological disasters; leads to failure of refinement,lower satisfaction of meteorological disaster prevention. At present,the architecture of the meteorological disaster prevention system have such three major theoretical perspectives as networks,information and socialization. Problem characteristics of meteorological disasters have a high degree of fit with overall management theories,we can build the scientific prevention system of the rural meteorological disaster based on overall management theories. In particular the rural meteorological disaster prevention system also needs to establish a thinking pattern to promote strategy in the process.