施氮时期对夏花生产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

Effects of nitrogen application dates on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer peanut

采用大田试验,研究了施氮时期对夏花生产量、植株地上部氮素积累运转及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,不同时期累计施氮N120kg/hm^2显著增加了荚果产量,其中以基施N40kg/hm^2+苗期和花针期分别追N40kg/hm^2处理最高,但与基施N60kg/hm^2+花针期追N60kg/hm^2、基施N60kg/hm^2+苗期追N60kg/hm^2处理差异不显著。与不施氮相比,施氮提高了植株地上部氮素积累量和籽粒氮素积累量。植株地上部氮素吸收主要集中在开花下针至荚果膨大阶段,以基施N40kg/hm^2+苗期和花针期分别追N40kg/hm^2处理吸收氮最多,氮肥利用率最高,与其它4个施氮处理相比,氮肥利用率分别增加了19.41、8.83、10.66和13.25个百分点。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different N- applying stages on summer peanut yield,plant nitrogen accumulation and translocation,and nitrogen use efficiency. The results indicated that nitrogen application significantly increased the pod yield,and the maximum pod yield occurred at T5 treatment（ N40 kg / hm^2 was applied as basal fertilizer and as the topdressing fertilizer in seedling and flowering stages respectively）. However,there weren＇t significant differences between T5 and T3 or T4（ T3,N 60 kg / hm^2 basal fertilizer ＋N 60 kg / hm^2 topdressing fertilizer in flowering stages,T4,N60 kg / hm^2 basal fertilizer ＋ N60 kg / hm^2 topdressing fertilizer in seedling stages）. Plant and grain nitrogen accumulation increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer compared with no fertilizer treatment. Most of the nitrogen was absorbed by plant,mainly at flowering stage to pod enlargement stage. The maximum absorption of nitrogen appeared at T5 treatment. Compared with other nitrogen treatments,T5 treatment increased the nitrogen use efficiency by 19. 41%,8. 83%,10. 66% and 13. 25%,respectively.