基于地震灾害背景的县(市)应急救援能力建设需求评价

Evaluation of construction demand for earthquake emergency rescue ability in counties and cities based on the background information of earthquake disaster

县(市)地震应急救援能力的强弱直接关系到地震应急救援工作的成效。我国有2000多个县(市),其面临的地震危害性程度、当前的社会经济发展水平和具有的资源环境条件等存在明显的差异,短期内不可能也没必要在全国所有县(市)都以大致相同的标准开展地震应急救援能力的建设。因此需要各县(市)确立不同的建设需求类型及其相应的建设内容,实现分类指导、适度建设的目标,从而在整体上提高我国的地震应急救援能力。基于县(市)地震灾害背景数据和防震减灾能力数据,对县(市)地震应急救援能力建设需求进行了评价,提出了县(市)地震应急救援能力建设需求类型分类方案,给出了各类型县(市)地震应急救援能力建设内容和建设项目选择的宏观建议,为各县(市)开展地震应急救援能力建设提供参考。

Earthquake emergency rescue ability in counties and cities directly determined the efficiency of earthquake emergency rescue work. There are more than 2,000 counties and cities in China,but the seismic hazard degree,the level of social economic development,and the resource and environmental conditions have obvious difference between different region,and there is no need（ also impossible） to construct the earthquake emergency rescue ability using the even standard nationally. Thus,the following aspects are crucial to promote this ability： determining the types and contents of the requirements,implementing the classified guidance and moderate construction.Based on the background information of earthquake disaster,and the earthquake disaster prevention and reduction database,this paper made the evaluation of construction demand for earthquake emergency rescue ability in counties and cities,gave the classification schemas of construction demand types of the earthquake emergency rescue ability,and the macro proposals of construction project selection for various demand types of earthquake emergency rescue ability in counties and cities. The results provide a reference for earthquake emergency rescue ability construction in counties and cities.