国家规划结核病防治项目疾病分布状况及实验室检测分析

The distribution of the diseases and laboratory detection of the national tuberculosis control project planning

目的 了解本地区国家规划结核病防治项目的疾病分布和实验室诊断情况。方法 选取2013年1月至201 3年11月于本院结核门诊及住院部就诊的国家规划结核病防治项目的患者960人次,观察所有患者的疾病分布情况,并对各项实验室检测指标进行分析。结果在收集的960例患者中,其中男性739例（占76.98%）,女性221例（占23.02%）,男女患病率差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=559.01,P=0.00012）;年龄分布情况,0-20岁患者28例,21-30岁者132例,31-40岁者141例,41-50岁者168例,51-60岁者191例,61-70岁者189例,71岁以上者139例。从年龄分布看,40岁以下发病率较低,发病例数为273例（占28.44%）,40岁以上发病率较高,发病例数687例（占71.56%）,两个年龄段差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=357.08,P=0.000187）;在疾病分布方面,单纯结核病感染者731例（占76.14%）,结核病合并HIV感染者21例（占2.19%）,合并真菌感染者196例（占20.42%）,结核病合并HIV及真菌感染者12例（占1.25%）。实验室检测中,有87例（9.06%）患者肝功能相关指标异常,有192例（20.0%）患者血常规相关指标异常,合并感染者的肝功能、血常规相关指标异常指数较单纯感染的高,差异均具有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论本地区国家规划结核病防治项目患者发病主要以高年龄为主;合并感染者仍占较高的比例,且其肝功能、血常规相关指标异常指数较单纯感染者高,提示临床防治工作应合理检查、综合分析,从而更好地研究治疗方案,以达到最佳疗效。

Objective To investigate the distribution and laboratory diagnosis of disease states in national tuberculosis control project.Methods From January 2013 to November 2013,there were960 patients outpatient and inpatient taked treatment in national tuberculosis planning control program;the distribution of the diseases were observed,and the results of laboratory indicators were analyzed,respectively.Results Among the 960 cases,there were 739（76.98%） male cases and 221（23.02%） female cases,the incidence of the different gender with significant differences（χ^2 = 559.01,P = 0.00012）.On the age distribution,there were 28 cases with 0 to 20 years old,132 cases with 21 to 30 years old,141 cases with31 to 40 years old,168 cases with 41 to 50 years old,191 cases with 51 to 60 years old,189 cases with 61 to70 years old,139 cases with over 71 years old.On the age distribution,cases under 40 years old had a lower incidence with 273（28.44%） cases,cases above 40 years old had a higher incidence with 687（71.56%） cases,the incidence of two age groups with significant differences（χ^2 = 357.08,P = 0.000187）.On the distribution of the disease,731（76.14%） cases with TB infection alone,21（2.19%） cases with HIV and TB co-infection,196（20.42%） cases with fungal infection,12（1.25%） cases with HIV,TB and fungal co-infection.On the laboratory tests,there were 87（9.06%） cases with abnormal indicators related liver function,there were192（20.0%） cases with abnormalities indicators related blood,among whom,the liver function and bloodrelated abnormalities index of patients with co-infection were higher than those with a simple infection,with significant differences（P all 0.05）.Conclusions Patients in national tuberculosis control project planning in our region mainly with high ages;patients with co-infection still taked higher proportion and the liver function,blood-related abnormalities index of those cases were higher than patients with a simple infection.The clinical prevention and treatment should be reasonable inspected and comprehensive analyzed,thus the better treatment and the best curative effect could achieved.