煤储层孔-裂隙非均质性及其地质影响因素研究进展

Study progress on pore-crack heterogeneity and geological influence factors of coal reservoir

煤储层孔-裂隙是煤层气吸附、运移和赋存的重要空间,其非均质性对煤层气勘探选区和合理开发具有重要意义。从煤储层孔-裂隙分类方法、定量表征技术、非均质性分布规律以及地质控制因素等方面进行分析,总结了国内外煤储层孔-裂隙非均质性及地质控制研究的最新进展。研究结果表明:孔-裂隙的分类方案具有多样性,但以尺度和机理分类为主,尺度与机理结合的分类方法深化了对煤层气赋存和运移机理的理解,孔-裂隙非均质性的表征技术呈现精细化、定量化和超微观化特征,结合其他学科综合分析,是国际上煤储层孔-裂隙研究方法的重要发展趋势;煤储层孔-裂隙非均质性主要受控于煤变质作用、沉积环境、构造演化、岩浆活动及其相互的叠合作用。综合多种常规与非常规表征技术对煤储层孔-裂隙非均质性进行系统化、精细化、超微观化的定量表征,并探寻煤储层孔-裂隙非均质性的地质成因规律,将是今后该研究领域的发展趋势。

The pore-crack of the coal reservoir was an important space of the coalbed methane adsorption,migration and enrichment and the heterogeneity would have important significances to the coalbed methane exploration zone selected and the rational development. From the coal reservoir pore-crack classification method,quantitative characterization technology,heterogeneity distribution law,geological control factor and other aspects,the paper analyzed and summarized the new progress of the coal reservoir pore-crack heterogeneity and geological control study at home and abroad.The study results showed that the pore-crack classification plan would have diversity,but mainly based on the dimension and mechanism classification,a dimension and mechanism combined classification method deepened the understanding of the coalbed methane storage and migration.The pore-crack heterogeneity characterization technology would have refined,quantitative and ultra-micro features,and would be an important development tendency of the coal reservoir pore-crack study method in the world in combination with other subject comprehensive analysis.The coal reservoir pore-crack heterogeneity was mainly controlled by the coal metamorphism role,sedimentary environment,tectonic evolution,magmatic activity and other mutual superposition role. The synthesized multi normal and abnormal characterization technologies were applied to the systematic,refined and ultra micro quantitative characterization on the coal reservoir pore- crack heterogeneity. The geological formation law of the coal reservoir pore- crack heterogeneity was searched and would be a development tendency of the late study area.