远射程消防水炮流道内3种稳流器的对比

Comparative analysis of three types of straightener in long range firefighting water cannon

设计了截面积近似相等的3种稳流器，以各稳流器体积相同和表面积相同这2种方案，开展了水炮设计流量为1500m3／h下的内部流动数值模拟．结果表明：加装稳流器对流动状态改善效果明显，出口轴线上速度的增加均大于无稳流器的情况；水炮加装3种稳流器后产生的总流动损失均在0．10～0．13MPa，稳流器区域产生的流动损失约占总损失的55％；弹尾形（Ⅲ型）紊流器总流动损失最小，但整流效果不如截面为双层圆管形（I型）的稳流器以及截面为多个矩形（Ⅱ型）的稳流器．弹尾形稳流器进口结构形式较优，产生的动水压损失小；稳流器的表面积对整流效果的影响大于稳流器体积的影响；水炮出口平均湍动能k值在无紊流器情况下最大；稳流器存在合适的长度值，达到该值后安装位置对稳流效果影响较小．

Three types of straightener are designed area. In the two cases where straighteners take up which have approximately the same cross section the same volume and surface area as the flow passage, the numerical simulations of flow in the water cannon are studied at 1 500 m3/h design flow rate. The results show that the flow pattern is improved evidently when straighteners are installed, and the axial velocity near the outlet increases more greatly than the case without straightener. The total hydraulic loss is ranged from 0.10 to 0.13 MPa, and its 55% occurs across the straightener. Although the bullet-shaped straightener （shape Ⅲ ） has the smallest total hydraulic loss, the rectifying effect is poorer than the double-circle section straightener （shape I ） and the multi-rectangular section straightener （shape Ⅱ ）. Moreover, the bullet-shaped straightener has a streamlined inlet structure,