矿山应急救援人员自身伤亡原因及应对策略

Causes of rescuers death in mine emergency rescue and strategies

阐述了矿山应急救援的重要性及救护队员自身防卫的重要性。通过对124起发生矿山救护指战员伤亡的救援案例进行分析,得出在矿井应急救援中90%以上的遇难救护指战员主要因爆炸冲击、中毒及缺氧窒息而死亡,80%以上的遇难救护指战员死于矿井火灾救援、瓦斯爆炸事故救援、火区封闭等3种救灾作业中;通过对已发生的矿山救护指战员伤亡救援案例,分析了造成矿山救援事故扩大的主要原因。从提升个体防护装备性能、减少灾区环境暴露时间等6个方面提出了避免矿山救护指战员自身伤亡的对策措施。

The importance of the mine emergency rescue and self defense of mine rescuer was elaborated. Based on the analysis of 124 rescue cases with self injuries and deaths of rescuer, it was concluded that more than 90% of the rescuer victims in the mine emergency rescue mainly died of the explosion shock, poisoning and the hypoxia choked and more than 80% of the rescuer victims resulted from the mine fire rescue, the gas explosion rescue and the fire area seal. The main causes resulted in expanding of the mine rescue accident were analyzed through rescue cases with self injuries and deaths of rescuer. The countermeasures to avoid self injuries and deaths of rescuer were proposed from 6 sides, which included improving the performance of individual pro- tective equipment, reducing the exposure time in the disaster area and etc.