304L碟形封头冲压回弹研究

Research on springback of dished head 304L

利用有限元软件Marc模拟碟形封头的成形过程,提取回弹后各节点的位移,通过UG软件拟合曲线得到封头的回弹量,并与弧高仪测出的封头回弹量对比,证明使用Marc软件模拟封头回弹的可行性。结合正交试验研究了矩形拉深筋各主要几何参数对封头回弹的影响,分析了拉深筋对封头回弹的影响机理,研究结果表明,板料经过拉深筋后产生的加工硬化和残余应力是产生回弹的主要原因,拉深筋的各几何参数对封头的回弹具有决定性作用,其中拉深筋筋高h、拉深筋内圆角R2和凹槽外圆角r1对板料经过拉深筋后的回弹影响较大。

The forming process of dished head was carried out by Marc software, and the displacement of each node was extracted after springback, after that the springback values of the head was obtained from the fitted curves by UG. Comparing with the result measured by the arc height instrument, the feasibility of simulating the springback of the head by Marc was verified. Combined with orthogonal test, the influences of main parameters of the rectangular drawbead on the dished head were researched and the influence mechanism of drawbead on the springback was analyzed. The results show that the residual stress and work hardening of the sheet through the drawbead are the main reason of springback, and the geometric parameters of the drawbead play a decisive role in springback, with the drawbead height h, the fillet draw bead R2 and outside groove fillet r1 greatly impacting the springback of the sheet after the drawbead.