呕吐毒素生物降解研究进展

Research advance of deoxynivalenol biodegradation

镰刀菌产生大量呕吐毒素(DON),污染谷物和粮食。DON能引起人和动物中毒,症状表现为呕吐、消化道出血、炎症,甚至死亡。目前没有有效的去毒方法,吸附剂几乎没有作用;物理和化学方法效果不稳定、破坏营养成分和味觉。生物降解DON特异性强、效率高、对食物营养成分无影响、能将毒素转化为无毒代谢产物。已有的文章报道降解饲料DON的单一菌株非常少,更没有关于动物有效性的应用研究。文章就国内外呕吐毒素生物降解的研究做一综述,同时对生物降解应用前景进行展望。

Deoxynivalenol（DON） is the most serious fusarium toxin, which easily contaminates grainand feed. It has an enormous hazard on human and animal healthcare and can cause both acute andchronic diseases, including vomiting, diarrhoea, digestive hemorrhage, inflammation, and even death.Several physical and chemical strategies for the elimination or inactivation of DON have been reportedin the literature. Nevertheless, none of these strategies completely fulfills the necessary efficacy, safety,and cost requirements, and none is entirely effective. Adsorbent is not effective on eliminating DON.Biological detoxifications of DON by microbes and biological enzyme have been extensively investigated because of its high degradation efficiency, strong specificity and characteristic of translating toxininto not poisonous metabolic product. Recently, it is very lacking in reports on single bacteria capableof degrading DON in feed, and it hardly has report on effective application in animal. Researches onDON biological detoxification from home and abroad, as well as application prospects of biological detoxification are reviewed in this paper.deoxynivalenoltrichothecenesbiological degradationmicroorganism