外源精胺对断奶仔猪血液精胺含量、脏器发育和生产性能的影响

Effect of exogenous spermine on the level of spermine in blood, organ development and performance of weaner piglets

研究外源精胺对仔猪血液精胺含量、脏器发育和不同阶段仔猪平均日增重的影响。将9窝胎次和初生体重相近的7日龄＂杜×长×大＂哺乳仔猪随机分配到0、12和15 mg/kg外源精胺处理组,每组3窝。所有仔猪从7日龄起补饲各自含不同外源精胺添加量的饲粮,21日龄断奶后继续补饲断奶前饲粮,29日龄起停喂外源精胺,3个处理组仔猪采食相同的饲粮至35日龄结束。29日龄早晨空腹称重后,从每窝选2头接近平均体重的仔猪,采集其血液用于检测精胺含量,然后屠宰,测定其脏器重量。结果表明：仔猪血液中的精胺含量随饲粮中外源精胺添加量的增加而升高,3个外源精胺处理组仔猪血液中的精胺含量之间有极显著差异（P〈0.01）;饲粮中添加外源精胺可增加仔猪胃、脾和心脏的重量,但3个处理组之间无显著差异（P〉0.05）;添加外源精胺提高了7-21日龄阶段仔猪的平均日增重（P〉0.05）并极显著地提高了22-28日龄仔猪的平均日增重（P〈0.01）,且在停喂外源精胺后,外源精胺处理组仔猪29-35日龄的平均日增重仍然大于未补饲外源精胺组仔猪（P〉0.05）。因此,通过饲粮途径给哺乳仔猪补饲外源精胺能促进仔猪脏器发育并提高仔猪断奶前后的平均日增重,预防仔猪断奶后的失重。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of exogenous spermine on the levelof spermine in blood, organ development and average daily gain of weaner piglets. Nine litters of Du-roc × Landrace × Large white crossbred piglets were divided into three treatments at random with 3 lit-ters in each treatment and piglets in the same treatment received a diet supplemented with exogenousspermine at a level of 0, 12 or 15 mg/kg from day 7 to day 28 and weaned at day 21 in the morning,all weaner piglets received the same diet without exogenous spermine from day 29 to day 35. Two pig-lets with the approximately average body weight from each litter were slaughted in the morning on day29 and organs were weighed. Results showed that the content of spermine in blood increased as theconcentration of exogenous spermine elevated, and there was a significant difference in blood sperminecontent among three treatments（P〈0.01）. Addition of exogenous spermine increased the weight of stom-ach, spleen and heart of weaner piglets, but no significant difference was found compared with pigletsreceived 0 mg/kg exogenous spermine（P〉0.05）. Piglets received exogenous spermine had a higher aver-age daily gain in 7-21 d（P〉0.05） and in 22-28 d（P〈0.01） compared with piglets offered a dietwithout exogenous spermine, and even duringthe period of exogenous spermine withdrawal（29-35 d）, piglets still had a higher average dai-ly gain（P〉0.05）. Addition of exogenous spermineimproved organs development, increased the average daily gain of pre and post weaning piglets and decreased the weight loss of weaner piglets.