关于我国微灌技术发展的几点思考

Thinking about the Development of Micro-irrigation Technology in China

近年来微灌技术在我国得到了广泛推广,形成了以北方地区和大田优势作物为主的规模化发展布局,取得了显著的节水、增产、增收效果,促进了农业现代化发展。针对微灌技术发展的特点与存在的问题进行了思考,总结并提出了微灌技术发展过程中要处理好的几个关系:一是处理好国家节水目标与农民意愿的关系;二是处理好目前生产关系与先进技术推广的关系;三是处理好滴灌技术设施应用与灌溉制度的关系;四是处理好大田滴灌覆膜与不覆膜的关系;五是处理好管理者利益与管理效果的关系;六是处理好滴灌发展与面积巩固的关系;七是处理好科技创新与发展需要的关系;八是处理好微灌灌溉与施肥施药的关系。

Micro-irrigation technology has been promoted accumulatively in our country in recent years. The larger-scale developing layout has been built mainly in the north of China, mainly on the farmed crop. The micro-irrigation technology has obtained the remarkable benefits of water-saving, production increas ing, income increasing, which promotes the development of the agricultural modernization. In this paper, the characteristics and existing problems in the developing of micro-irrigation were discussed. In the nexl development of micro-irrigation, several relations should be dealt with. The first relation was between na tional water-saving objective and farmers＇ will. The second was between the current production relations and the advanced technology popularization. The third was between the drip irrigation system and irriga tion schedule. The fourth was between plastic mulching and non-plastic mulching. The fifth was between managers＇ benefit and management effect. The sixth was between drip irrigation development and the drip irrigation area maintaining. The seventh was between technology innovation and development needs. The last was between irrigation and fertilization, applying pesticide.