莫西沙星致老年患者不良反应报告293例分析

Analysis of 293 ADR Cases Induced by Moxifloxacin in the Elderly Patients

目的：了解莫西沙星致老年患者药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：采用回顾性调查法,对2014年度北京市ADR监测中心接收的莫西沙星所致的老年患者ADR报告数据按照年龄、性别、给药途径、合并用药情况、ADR主要临床表现等进行统计、分析。结果：293例ADR中,以男性居多（55.63%）,70~79岁老年患者发生ADR较多（35.84%）;临床表现多为皮肤及其附件损害（30.07%）、中枢及外周神经系统损害（27.68%）、心血管系统损害（13.37%）和胃肠系统损害（10.74%）,其中以皮疹、瘙痒、头晕、心悸、恶心等最为显著;ADR发生时间多在24 h以内（56.31%）;静脉给药ADR发生率远大于口服给药发生率（92.15%vs.7.85%）。严重ADR 16例,其中死亡2例。结论：临床应重视莫西沙星在老年患者中引起的ADR,警惕严重ADR的发生。

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the characteristics and clinical manifestations of adverse drug reaction（ADR）related to moxifloxacin on elderly patients,and provide references for clinical drug.METHODS：Moxifloxacin-induced ADR reports of elderly patients collected by Beijing ADR Monitoring Center in 2012 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS：Among 293 ADR cases,there were a majority of male patients（55.63%）,mainly aged 70-79 years old（35.84%）;main clinical manifestations were lesion of skin and its appendants（30.07%）,nervous system reaction（27.68%）,circulatory system damage（13.37%）and gastrointestinal system reaction（10.74%）,especially rash,pruritus,palpitation,nausea,psychogeny,phlebitis.Most ADRs occurred within24 h（56.31%）.The incidence of ADR induced by intravenous administration was significantly higher than that of oral administration（92.15% vs.7.85%）.There were 16 cases of severe ADR.CONCLUSIONS：Great importance should be attached to the ADR induced by moxifloxacin in the elderly and the occurrence of serious ADR.