北京市东城区急性脑血管病患者合并危险因素的临床分析

目的通过对东城区北京军区总医院急性脑血管疾病住院患者的危险因素进行分析,得出患者所合并危险因素的比例,指导临床上对脑血管疾病合并危险因素的控制与预防。方法连续纳入2014年6月~2015年1月在北京军区总医院神经内科住院诊断为急性脑血管疾病的患者1069例,根据性别分为男587例,女482例,年龄28~101岁,平均年龄（66.5±13.77）岁。根据年龄分为2组,青年组57例（18岁≤年龄〈45岁）,中老年组1012例（年龄≥45岁）。研究的变量有年龄、性别、脑血管病病史、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病。依据纳入的数据得出急性脑血管疾病患者存在危险因素的比例。结果男性合并脑血管病病史213例（36.3%）、高血压病458例（78.0%）、高脂血症305例（52.0%）、糖尿病252例（42.9%）、冠心病206例（35.1%）。女性合并脑血管病病史136例（28.2%）、高血压424例（87.9%）、高脂血症202例（41.9%）、糖尿病217例（45.0%）、冠心病227例（47.1%）。与女性比较,男性合并脑血管病病史（36.3%vs 28.2%）、高脂血症（52.0 vs 41.9%）比例升高,合并高血压（78.0%vs 87.9%）、冠心病（35.1%vs 47.1%）比例降低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。青年组合并脑血管病病史13例（22.8%）、高血压38例（66.7%）、高脂血症29例（50.8%）、糖尿病18例（31.6%）、冠心病19例（33.3%）。中老年合并脑血管病病史417例（39.0%）、高血压病908例（84.9%）、高脂血症513例（48.0%）、糖尿病481例（45.0%）、冠心病449例（42.0%）。与青年组比较,中老年组合并脑血管病病史（39.0%vs 22.8%）、高血压病（84.9%vs66.7%）、糖尿病（45.0%vs 31.6%）、冠心病（42.0%vs 33.3%）比例升高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论东城区急性脑血管病住院患者合并的危险因素中,比例由高到低分别为高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病、脑血管病病史。

Objective Analysis of the risk factors of acute cerebral vascular disease in General Hospital of Beijing Military Region in Dongcheng District, In order to get the risk factors ＇ proportion of patients.,and guide control and prevention of risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in clinic. Methods 1069 cases of acute cerebral vascular disease were included in the Department of internalmedicine in General Hospital of Beijing Military Region from June 2014 to January 2015. According to sex, 587 cases were male and 482 female, aged 28-101 years old, average age （66.5±13.77） years old. According to the age and divided into 2 groups, 57 cases of the young group （18〈age〈45）, and 1012 cases elderly group （age〉45）. The variables of the study were age, gender, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease. Results There were 213 cases of male patients with a history of cerebral vascular disease （36.3%） and 458 cases with hypertension（78.0%）, 305 cases with hyperlipidemia （52.0%）, 252 cases with diabetes （42.9%）, 206 cases with coronary heart disease （35.1%）. There were 36 cases of female patients with a history of cerebral vascular disease （28.2%）, and 424 cases with hypertension （87.9%）, 202 cases with hyperlipidemia （41.9%）, 217 cases with diabetes （45%）, 227 cases with coronary heart disease （47.1%）. Compared with women, men with cerebral vascular disease （36.3%vs.28.2%）, hyperlipidemia （52.0 vs.41.9%） ratio increased, combined hypertension （78.0% vs. 87.9%）, coronary heart disease （35.1% vs. 47.1%） proportion decreased. The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05 ）. There were 13 cases of young patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease （22.8%）, 38 cases with hypertension （66.7%）, 29 cases hyperlipidemia （50.8%）, 18 cases with diabetes （31.6%）, 19 cases coronary heart disease （33.3%）, There were 417 cases middle aged and old patients with cerebrovascular disease（39.0%）, 908 cases with hypertension （84.9%）, 513 cases with hyperlipidemia （48.0%）, 481 cases with diabetes （45.0%）, 449 patients with coronary heart disease （42.0%）. Compared with the youth group, middle aged and old patients with cerebral vascular disease （39.0% vs.22.8%）,hypertension （84.9% vs.66.7%）, diabetes （45.0% vs.31.6%） ,coronary heart disease （42.0% vs. 33.3%） ,proportion increased（P〈0.05 ）.Conclusion In the risk factors of the patients with acute cerebrovascular disease in Dongcheng District, the proportion of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease were high to low.