个性化半需求喂养法改善早产儿经口喂养效果的评价

The effect of individualized semi-demand feeding in premature infants

目的引进国外的个性化半需求喂养法,并评价该方法对早产儿经口喂养进程、经口喂养表现、恢复出生体重时间及住院时间的影响。方法将符合纳入标准的早产儿作为研究对象,并根据计算机产生的随机数字分为实验组和对照组,每组各70例。实验组在常规护理的基础上接受个性化的半需求喂养方法,直至其停止管饲喂养。对照组接受常规护理,包括间歇喂养、体位支持和口腔支持等。记录两组早产儿达到开始经口喂养和完全经口喂养时的纠正胎龄,并观察计算经口喂养进程、经口喂养表现、恢复出生体重时间和住院时间等。结果实验组经口喂养的喂养效率、喂养成效和摄入奶量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组经口喂养过渡时间、恢复出生体重时间和住院时问短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论个性化半需求喂养法有助于早产儿经口喂养的改善。

Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized semi-demand feeding on the progress and performance of oral feeding,the time of body weight regain and length of hospital stay in premature infants.Methods Totally 140 premature infants were randomly assigned into the experimental group and the control group.The infants in the experimental group（n=70） received individualized semi-demand feeding in addition to the routine care.The control group（n=70） received routine care of NICU including intermittent feeding,postural support,and oral support.The postmenstrual age（PMA） and the total intake volume were recorded.Then,the progress and performance of oral feeding,the time of body weight regain and length of hospital stay were calculated.Results Feeding efficiency,feeding proficiency and oral intake of milk in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group with statistically significant difference（P0.05）.The transitional time from initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding,the time of body weight regain and length of hospital stay in the experimental group were significantly shorter than that of the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion The individualized semi-demand feeding is beneficial for premature infants to improve oral feeding.