川东北丘区水资源利用结构与利用效率分析

Analysis on Structure and Efficiency of Water Resources Use in Hilly Region of Northeastern Sichuan

采用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和比较水资源生产率三种方法,对川东北典型丘陵区南充的用水规模、用水结构与用水效率进行了分析,探讨了其空间分布的变化特征。结果表明:1近年来南充用水规模总体呈上升趋势,除生活用水量有所减少外,农业、工业、生态用水量呈上升趋势,其中农业用水规模最大,生活用水次之,生态用水最少。2对水资源的空间分布,南充生活用水最均衡,农业用水次之,生态用水相对合理,工业用水差距大,较集中。3南充第一、二产业水资源利用效率已达到四川省平均水平,但第三产业的用水效率差距较大,有待进一步提高;南充第二、三产业比较水资源生产率高,对经济拉动作用较大。

In this paper, Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and comparative productivity of water resources was used to analyze the scale, efficiency and structure of water resources utilization in Nanchong City, the typical hilly regions of northeastern Sichuan. The characteristics of the spatial distribution of water resources were also discussed. The results showed that：①The scale of water use in the whole Nanchong City was on the rise in recent years, in addition to household consumption decreased, agricultural, industrial, and the ecological water use were on the rise. As for the scale of the water use, agricultural water consumption was the largest, followed by water for life, and ecological water was the minimum. ②In terms of the spatial distribution of water resources in Nanchong, water for life was the most balanced, then followed by agricultural water, ecological water was relatively reasonable, whereas there was a large gap in industrial water, which was more concentrated. ③The efficiency of water used in the first and second industries in Nanchong reached the average level in Sichuan, while the water use efficiency of the tertiary industry had to be improved. The comparative productivity of water resources was higher in second industry and tertiary industry, which played a greater role in economic growth of Nanchong City.