6LoWPAN网络中RPL路由协议的仿真与研究

Research and Simulation of RPL Routing Protocol in 6LoWPAN

无线传感器路由协议由于受到硬件的限制,节点的能量、处理能力、存储能力都受到极大的制约.RPL(Routing Protocol for Low pow er and Lossy Netw orks)协议是工作在IPV6无线传感器网络网络层的路由协议,由IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)的ROLL(Routing Over Low-pow er and Lossy netw orks)工作组专门为低功耗有损网络而提出的距离矢量路由协议.详细介绍AODV路由协议,阐述了RPL路由协议的相关术语、协议原理和拓扑结构;利用Contiki操作系统和其自带的仿真器Cooja模拟了RPL路由协议的运行过程,包含采用3种控制消息进行向上路由和向下路由的建立的过程,RPL路由协议的拓扑构建过程,数据包路由过程和Trickle定时器的应用;通过与传统WSN路由协议AODV在数据递交率、端到端时延等性能参数的仿真对比,验证RPL路由协议在低功耗有损网络中具有较高的性能.

Due to the limitation of hardware, nodes running wireless sensor routing protocol have been greatly restricted in energy, pro-cessing power and storage capacity. Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks （ RPL） is one routing protocol of lPv6 wire-less sensor network working in network layer, a distance vector routing protocol designed by ROLL （Routing Over Low-power andLossy networks） working group of IETF （ Internet Engineering Task Force） for low-power lossy network. First, AODV （ Ad hoc OnDemand Vector routing） routing protocols is introduced and the details of the relevant terms in this paper, the protocol principle andthe topology of RPL routing protocol are described. Then, we use the Contiki operating system and its own emulator Cooja simulatesthe operation process of RPL,including three kinds of control message to perform upstream routing and downstream routing, routingtopology construction process, packets forwarding process and the application of Trickle Timer. Finally, by comparing AODV routingprotocols with RPL routing protocol in the performance parameters such as packet submit rate and end-to-end average delay,it showsRPL in the low power lossy network has the desired advantages of bounding control overhead and high performance.