平顶山市白龟湖饮用水源地沉积物重金属污染特征及来源辨析

Pollution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Drinking Water Conservation Area of Baigui Lake of Pingdingshan

城市饮用水源地湖底沉积物中重金属污染程度对饮用水中的重金属污染来源具有很好的指示作用.以平顶山市白龟湖城市饮用水源地沉积物为研究对象,选取7个采样点,沿0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm 3个沉积物剖面进行样品采集和测试,用主成分析法对重金属污染来源进行分析.结果表明：沉积物中重金属含量随采样深度的增加而递减.Pb、Cr、Cu、Mn、Cd、As平均含量在0~10 cm沉积物层为102.5、30.59、89.52、818.0、2.711、197.1 mg/kg;在10~20 cm沉积物层分别为82.53、38.96、37.337、838.5、1.549、391.9 mg/kg;在20~30 cm沉积物层分别为82.52、36.82、30.74、823.6、1.645、169.1 mg/kg.沉积物中各层的主成分存在一定的差异性,在0~10 cm层,Pb含量最高,煤炭的开采和燃烧产生的重金属污染物是该层重金属元素的主要来源;在10~20 cm层,Cr含量最高,工业污水中的重金属污染物是该层重金属元素的主要来源;在20~30 cm层,Mn含量最高,主要来源于自然背景.

Heavy metal pollution of sediments in drinking water conservation area play the role of signifying thesources of heavy metal pollution in drinking water.The sediments in Baigui Lake,as drinking water conservation area,were studied.The samples of sediments were collected and analysed from 7 sampling point along with 0-10 cm,10-20 cm and 20-30 cm in Baigui Lake sediments section and the heavy metal in sediments were analysed by principalcomponents analysis method.The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metal in sediments decrease with theincreasing of depths.The average contents of Pb,Cr,Cu,Mn,Cd,As in 0-10 cm sediment laye are 102.5,30.59,89.52,818,2.711 and 197.1 mg/kg;82.53,38.96,37.337,838.5,1.549 and 391.9 mg/kg in 10-20 cm sediment layer;82.52,36.82,30.74,823.6,1.645 and 169.1 mg/kg in 20-30 cm sediment layer.The principal components of eachlayer in the sediments are different.In 0-10 cm layer,the content of Pb was the highest.The heavy metal pollutantsfrom the exploitation and the combustion of coal are the main source of heavy metals.The content of Cr is thehighest in 10-20 cm layer,and the heavy metal pollutants in industrial waste water are the main heavy metalssource.The highest content of Mn is in 20-30 cm layer,mainly derived from natural background.