更好的营养会促进农民的劳动参与吗?——基于CHNS面板数据的实证分析

Does Better Nutrition Raise Farmers' Labor Participation?——Empirical Analysis Based on CHNS Panel Data

基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)1989—2011年的面板数据,使用Logit模型,从热量和主要营养素摄入两个方面实证分析营养对我国农民劳动参与的影响及结构性差异,结果表明:营养对农民的劳动参与有显著影响,热量、碳水化合物、蛋白质摄入具有正向影响,脂肪摄入则具有负面影响;营养对农民劳动参与的影响存在性别、年龄和时间差异,对女性农民的影响要高于男性农民,对老年农民的影响要高于中青年农民;热量、脂肪和蛋白质摄入的影响随时间变化逐渐增强,碳水化合物摄入的影响则呈现出先增强后减弱的变化趋势。扩大农民的劳动参与率应从改善农民的营养水平和营养结构入手,并且应注意根据不同的性别、年龄特征制订有针对性的政策措施。

Based on the panel data from China health and nutrition survey（ CHNS） from 1989 to 2011,by using Logit model,this paper empirically investigates the effect and difference of nutritional health on farmers＇ labor participation from the two perspectives of calorie and nutrition factors. Results show that both calorie and main nutrient intake have a significant effect on the farmer＇s labor participation,that calorie,carbohydrate and protein intake has positive effect,however,fat intake has negative effect,that the influence of nutrition on farmers＇ labor participation has difference in gender,age and time,that the effect on women farmers is higher than the male farmers,that the effect on elderly farmers is higher than the young and middle-aged farmers,the effect of calories,fat and protein intake increases with the changing of time,and that the effect of carbohydrate intake presents a trend of rise first then fall. These results suggest that in order to increase the farmers ＇ labor participation rate,the government should not only enhance and improve the peasants＇ nutrition level and nutrition structure,but also make the targeted policies according to farmers＇ characteristics such as gender and age.