煤快速热解制油技术问题的化学反应工程根源:逆向传热与传质

Origin of common problems in fast coal pyrolysis technologies for tar: the countercurrent flow of heat and volatiles

从化学反应工程的角度分析了煤热解过程中挥发物逸出方向与传热方向相反的现象,阐述了反应温度和反应时间对挥发物反应(二次反应)的不同作用,指出提高热源温度加快热解速度的方法反而会促进挥发物二次反应,导致焦油损失与结焦增加,进而提出抑制挥发物二次反应的关键是降低挥发物在反应器中的温升幅度。

This paper analyzes fast coal pyrolysis technologies from a chemical reaction engineering point of view. It shows that the volatiles generated from coal transport in a direction against that of the heat transfer, and that the principle behind the fast coal pyrolysis technologies, i.e. reducing pyrolysis time by increasing the heating source temperature, may not reduce the reactions of volatiles as expected. Rather it promotes the reactions of volatiles leading to a low tar yield and formation of coke fines. Compared with the reduction in reaction time of volatiles the reduction in pyrolysis temperature is more important for reducing the volatiles＇ reaction（cracking）, and therefore is favorable for a high tar yield and less coke formation in tar.