1Morrison, T. Beloved [ Z ]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1987.95.
2Page, P. Dangerous Freedom: Fusion and Fragmentation in Toni Morrison's Novels [ M ]. University Press of Mississippi,1995. 29.
3Elsie B. Washington. Talk with Toni Morrison[ A]. In Danille Taylor-Guthrle (ed.). Conversations with Toni Morrison[C]. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1994.238.
4Morrison, T. Rootedness: The Ancestor as Foundation[A]. In Dannis Walder (ed.). Literature in the Modern World: Critical Essays and Documents [ C ]. New York:Oxford University Press, 1990. 330.
5Gloria Naylor. A Conversation : Gloria Naylor and Toni Morrison[ A]. In Danille Taylor-Guthrie ( eel. ). Conversations with Toni Morrison [ C ]. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1994. 268.
6Clenora Hudson-Weems. Africana Womanism: Reclaiming Ourselves [ M ]. Michigan : Bedford Publishers, Inc. , 1994.
7Thomas LeClair. The Language Must Not Sweat: A Conversation with Toni Morrison [ A ]. In Danille Taylor-Guthrie ( ed. ). Conversations with Toni Morrison[ C]. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1994. 120.
9Gurleen Grewal. Circles of Sorrow, Lines of Struggle : The Novels of Toni Morrison[ M ]. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. 1998.
10Charles Ruas. Toni Morrison[ A]. In Danille Taylor-Guthrie ( ed. ). Conversations with Toni Morrison [ C ]. Jackson : University Press of Mississippi, 1994. 112.
