医院感染假丝酵母菌属耐药性与流行病学研究

Epidemiology and drug resistance of Candida sppcausing nosocomial infections

目的了解医院住院患者假丝酵母菌属感染的耐药性及流行趋势,为感染预防与控制提供依据。方法收集2012年1月-2014年12月医院所有无菌体液标本分离的假丝酵母菌属,统计医院感染假丝酵母菌属分类构成、阳性检出标本在各科室的分布,并采用ATB FUNGUS药敏试剂条测定药物敏感性。结果 3年共收集假丝酵母菌属454株,其中白色假丝酵母菌196株占43.2%,热带假丝酵母菌106株占23.4%,光滑假丝酵母菌74株占16.3%,近平滑假丝酵母菌54株占11.9%,克柔假丝酵母菌15株占3.3%;无菌体液感染假丝酵母菌属主要从尿液标本中检出,共352株占77.5%,血液检出26株占5.7%,导管远端检出23株占5.1%,分泌物20株占4.4%,引流液15株占3.3%;假丝酵母菌属感染高发科室以ICU、干部病房、肾脏病科等为主。结论假丝酵母菌属感染日益增多应引起高度重视,需制定相应的预防及控制措施,有效降低假丝酵母菌属的感染。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of the Candida sppcausing infections in hospitalized patients and analyze the prevalence trend so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of the infections.METHODS The Candida sppstrains were isolated from all of the sterile body fluids from Jan 2012 to Dec 2014,then the constituent ratios of the species of the Candida spp and distribution of the specimens cultured positive were observed,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed by using ATB FUNGUS susceptibility reagent strip.RESULTS A total of 454 strains of Candida spp were collected in the three years,including 196（43.2%）strains of Candida albicans,106（23.4%）strains of Candida tropicalis,74（16.3%）strains of Candida glabrata,54（11.9%）strains of Candida parapsilosis,and 15（3.3%）strains of Candida krusei.Of the Candida spp strains isolated from the infected sterile body fluids,352（77.5%）strains were isolated from the urine specimens,26（5.7%）strains were isolated from the blood specimens,23（5.1%）strains were isolated from the distal end of catheter,20（4.4%）strains were isolated from the secretions,and 15（3.3%）strains were isolated from the drainage fluid.The Candida sppinfections were highly prevalent in the ICU,cadre′s ward,and department of nephrology.CONCLUSION The Candida sppinfections are increasingly prevalent,to which the high attention should be paid.It is necessary to put forward the targeted prevention measures so as to effectively reduce the incidence of the Candida sppinfections.