武汉市托幼机构膳食管理和幼儿健康管理状况

Nutritional and health management among kindergartens in Wuhan city

目的了解武汉市市区、县、乡镇、农村各级托幼机构的膳食管理和幼儿健康管理工作现状,为提高托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健工作水平,保障儿童身心健康提供依据。方法采用普查的方法,对武汉市17个辖区及其下属的区县、乡镇、农村登记在册的共911所托幼机构开展的卫生保健工作现状进行问卷调查。结果膳食管理和膳食营养各项指标沿市区、区县、乡镇、农村均呈下降趋势（P值均〈0.05）,各级别托幼机构儿童营养性疾病检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2值分别为261.477,85.034,320.235,231.145,P值均〈0.05）;入园体检和定期检查执行情况较好,不同地域级别托幼机构执行全日健康观察及持有0~6岁保健手册的比例差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0.05）,其余健康管理指标地域级别间差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。结论武汉市各级托幼机构的膳食营养和健康管理工作还存在一些问题。应针对不足提出相应的改进措施,促进膳食和健康管理,提高在园儿童的整体健康水平。

Objective To determine current situation on nutritional and health management among kindergartens in Wuhan,to provide basis for improving health care work level of nurseries. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among911 registered kindergartens in 17 districts of Wuhan in Oct. 2013. Results Nutritional management and nutrition related indicators showed decreased trend by living area,which was best in city,followed by county,township and rural areas（ P〈0. 05）. There were significant differences in nutritional diseases detection rate among different levels of kindergartens（ χ2= 261. 477,85. 034,320. 235,231. 145,P〈0. 05）. Good practice was found in the implementation of admission examination and regular examination.No significant differences were found in full-time health observation and 0- 6 Child Health Check-up Record holding rate in different kindergarten（ P〉0. 05）,the differences of health management indices in different regional levels were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The nutritional and health management in different geographical levels kindergarten in Wuhan still need to be improved to promote diet,health management and to improve over all health level of children in kindergartens.