白银市平川区农村留守儿童健康相关行为及影响因素分析

Health related behavior among rural left-behind children in Baiyin Pingchuan district

目的了解贫困地区留守儿童健康相关行为的现状及其影响因素,为今后开展健康行为的干预性研究提供基础。方法分层整群抽取白银市平川区种田村、黄峤乡以及复兴乡7所中小学三~九年级共计880名学生进行问卷调查,比较是否留守儿童健康相关行为的差异并进行影响因素分析。结果留守儿童与非留守儿童在挑食、打架、体育锻炼以及劳动负担上的差异具有统计学意义,表现为非留守儿童挑食比例（41.7%）高于留守儿童（29.4%）（χ2=12.598,P〈0.01）,留守儿童打架（36.0%）、参加课后体育锻炼的比例（45.4%）高于非留守儿童（22.3%,34.7%）（χ2值分别为15.936,5.635,P值均〈0.05）,非留守儿童的劳动负担比留守儿童轻（χ2=10.320,P〈0.05）。对各健康相关行为分别作Logistic回归分析结果显示,儿童自身因素、父母文化程度与主要照顾者是其健康相关行为的主要影响因素（P值均〈0.05）。结论农村儿童整体健康相关行为较差,健康干预是减少儿童不健康行为的有效措施。

Objective To understand health related behavior and associated factors among rural left-behind children.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method,880 students between grade 3 and grade 9 from 7 primary and middle schools in Pingchuan District of Baiyin city in Gansu province. Results There were significant differences between left-behind children and non left-behind children in picky eating,fighting,after-school sports participation,and housework burden,with fighting（ 36. 0）,after-school sports participation（ 45. 4%）,and housework burden higher among left-behind children（ 22. 3%,34. 7%,χ2= 15. 936,5. 635,10. 320,P〈0. 05）,except for picky eating（ 41. 7% vs 29. 4%,χ2= 12. 598,P〈0. 05）. Logistic regression analyses showed that the main associated factors for health-related behaviors were children themselves,parental education and primary caregivers（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Specific behavioral interventions should be carried out to effectively reduce unhealthy behaviors among left-behind children.