遵义地区农村初中生自杀计划现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of suicide plans status and factors among rural junior middle school students in Zunyi

目的了解遵义地区农村初中生自杀计划及其影响因素,为采取学校开展自杀干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法,在遵义地区3个县分别抽取2所农村中学共5 608名农村初中生进行问卷调查。结果初中生的自杀计划报告率为4.6%;女生为6.44%,男生为2.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.441,P<0.05);单亲家庭学生的自杀计划报告率为7.86%,非单亲家庭学生为4.25%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.083,P<0.05);少数民族学生自杀计划报告率为7.28%,汉族学生为4.37%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.706,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,影响自杀计划的相关因素有女生、少数民族、单亲家庭、学习压力、人际压力和其他压力(P值均<0.05);与心理弹性因子无相关。结论初中生问题行为中的自杀计划报告率较高,其危险因素有女生、少数民族、单亲家庭及负性生活事件。应针对其危险因素采取有效干预措施,预防初中生自杀行为的发生。

Objective To explore the prevalence of suicide plan among rural junior middle school students in Zunyi and its associated factors to provide basis for intervention. Methods A total of 5 608 students were selected from 2 rural junior middle schools in each county of Zunyi by stratified random sampling method. All the students responded to the self-desighed questionnaires of general situation,problem behavior scale,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List（ ASLEC）,Resilience Scale（ CD- RISC）. Results Report rate of suicide plan（ SP） during last 12 months was 4. 6%. More girls（ 6. 44%） reported SP than boys（ 2. 76%） different was statistically significant（ χ2= 43. 441,P〈0. 05）; The prevalence of suicide plan in single-parent family students（ 7. 86%） was higher than that in non-single-parent family students（ 4. 25%）（ χ2= 13. 083,P〈0. 05）; Students of minority（ 7. 28%） reported higher prevalence of SP than that of ethnic Han nationality（ 4. 37%） different was statistically significant（ χ2= 6. 706,P〈0. 05）; Logistic regression analysis showed that suicide plan was associated with girl,national minority,singleparent family,academic pressure,interpersonal stress and other sources of pressure（ P〈0. 05）,but not with resilience. Conclusion Suicide plan among rural junior middle school student is very common. Risk factors of suicide plan include female,national minority,singleton in family and negative life events. Specific intervention strategies should be cultivated and implemented to prevent youth from suicide.