农民用水合作组织的绩效及差异分析——基于黑龙江省44家农民用水合作组织的调研

Performance Difference of Farmers' Water Cooperation Organization:Based on Research of 44 Farmers' Water Cooperation Organization in Heilongjiang Province

利用因子分析法对黑龙江省44家农民用水合作组织的绩效及差异进行实证研究,运用费希尔最优求解法将有序样本分为"优秀""良好""中等""差"四类。结果表明,黑龙江省农民用水合作组织绩效较高,86.36%的农民用水合作组织可达到"中等"水平及以上,但农民用水户协会与水利专业合作社的绩效存在差异,调查的水利专业合作社全部处于"良好"水平及以上,而农民用水户协会仅有44.44%达到该水平。可见,水利专业合作社的绩效水平较高,农民用水户协会的绩效水平相对较低。其原因主要是农户认可度、发展基础和资金水平存在差异。最后,从农户意识、政府扶持、产权体系及资金管理方式四个角度提出农民用水合作组织绩效优化及绩效差异改善的建议。

This paper carried on the empirical research on the performance differences of different modes of farmers＇ water cooperation organization in Heilongjiang Province by using factor analysis method, and used Fisher optimal solution method to objectively divide ordered sample into the ＂excellent＂, ＂good＂, ＂medium＂ and ＂bad＂ four categories. The result was that the performance of farmers＇ water cooperation organization in Heilongjiang Province was good, 86.36% of farmers＇ water cooperation organization could achieve ＂medium＂ level and above, but the performance of farmers＇ water user association and water conservancy professional cooperatives was different. All the water conservancy professional cooperatives that were investigated was in a ＂good＂ level, and only 44.44% of water user association reached that level. It was clear that the performance of water conservancy professional cooperatives was higher than that of the water user association. The reason was that there were differences in farmers＇ recognition degree, development foundation and capital levels. Finally, proposed suggestions of farmers＇ water cooperation organization performance optimization and performance differences improvement from the consciousness of farmers, government support, property right system and capital management way.